SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY SECTION 
ANNUAL CONFERENCE

25 - 27 AUGUST 2021, VIRTUAL CONFERENCE


Paul Hanel     

Lecturer, University of Essex

Paul Hanel is a Lecturer at the University of Essex. He studied psychology as well as political science and sociology at the Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (Germany), received a PhD from Cardiff University, and worked as a postdoctoral RA at the University of Bath prior to moving to the East in 2019. A significant part of his empirical work includes human values (e.g., freedom, loyalty, security). Among other things, he is interested in how people perceive the values of other people, and whether living in cities or countries in which other people share one's values has positive effects on one's well-being.

Currently, he is especially interested in similarities between groups of people. While people often tend to assume that values, attitudes, and abilities differ between, for example, women and men, younger and older people, or people from different countries, the amount of similarities between these groups is on average large, typically between 80 and 95%. In his research, he investigates the effects of highlighting similarities between groups of people.


Reporting similarities between groups: A simple intervention to improve intergroup attitudes

Most published research focuses on describing differences between groups of people (e.g., women and men), while neglecting similarities which are arguably at least as interesting and important. Building on findings from cross-cultural and gender research, I will show that natural groups (e.g., women and men, Christians and Muslims, immigrants and natives) are typically more similar than different across most psychological variables (e.g., attitudes, values, cognitive abilities). Next, I will demonstrate that describing similarities between groups of people alongside differences has a range of advantages over solely describing differences. First, such a balanced portrayal of research findings helps people to estimate actual effect sizes more accurately. Second, it can improve intergroup attitudes. Those effects are consistent across a range of natural groups, including locals vs immigrants, leave vs remain voters of the Brexit referendum, and women vs men. The effects are stronger when similarities and differences between groups are visually displayed as opposed to written text and the intervention impacts general attitudes but not intentions. Together, changing the way researchers report their findings is a simple low-cost intervention which can lead to more accurate perceptions of research findings and improved intergroup attitudes.  








SPS 2021

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